Bulking of Sand // Bulking of Fine Aggregate //

Bulking of Sand:

The increase of sand volume due to the presence of moisture is called as bulking of sand. 
This is due to the formation of a film of water around sand particles which results in the increase in the sand volume. 

The extent of sand bulking depends on the grading of sand. 
The finer sand possesses more Bulking than the medium and coarse sand. 
This is expressed in the graph shown on the screen. 

For the moisture content of 5-8 per cent, the increase in volume will be around 20 – 40 per cent depending on the grading of sand. 
The increased moisture content packs the sand particle closer and reduces the Bulking. 
Thus, the dry sand and fully saturated sand have the same volume. 
The volumetric proportioning of sand is generally affected by bulking of sand. 
This bulking of sand is high for fine sand and low for coarse sand. 
If proper measures are not made for the bulking of sand, results in increased cost of concrete and mortar. 
And, also results in under sanded mixes which are harsh and difficulty in working and placing.  

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