The common materials used for damp proofing are:
Bitumen:
Bitumen is commonly used material for damp proofing.
It is generally provided to the thickness of about 3 mm over the bedding of concrete or mortar.
Generally, it is applied with a brush on hot condition.
Bituminous or asphaltic felt:
It is rolled flexible material, provided on parapet walls and roof slabs.
It is provided with an overlap distance of 100 mm on sides.
Generally, these laps are sealed with bitumen.
These materials are not capable of withstanding heavy loads.
Mastic asphalt:
It is a semi-rigid material obtained by the heating of asphalt with sand and mineral fillers.
It is generally impervious and should be laid carefully.
Bricks:
The bricks with water absorption less than 5 per cent are used for damp proofing.
These bricks are laid in two to five courses in cement mortar.
Stones:
Stones such as granite, trap, slates etc., are also used for damp proofing.
These stones are laid to full width of the wall.
Mortar:
The 1:3 cement mortar with ample amount of lime and water proofing agents are used for damp proofing.
These are generally laid to suitable thickness in foundations, ground slabs, top of parapet walls etc.
Sometimes, used in plastering external walls.
Concrete:
The cement concrete of thickness 75 mm to 100 mm with ratio of 1:1 ½ : 3 or 1:2:4 is provided before constructing walls.
Metal Sheets:
Metal sheets such as copper, aluminium or lead sheets are provided to seal the construction joints.
A bituminous seal must be provided for this type of proofing.
Plastic sheets:
Plastic sheets are also a good damp proofing material.
Plastic sheets of 1 mm thickness which is made of black polythene are placed over the surface to be damp proofed.
These are common material of damp proofing used in buildings.
Bitumen:
Bitumen is commonly used material for damp proofing.
It is generally provided to the thickness of about 3 mm over the bedding of concrete or mortar.
Generally, it is applied with a brush on hot condition.
Bituminous or asphaltic felt:
It is rolled flexible material, provided on parapet walls and roof slabs.
It is provided with an overlap distance of 100 mm on sides.
Generally, these laps are sealed with bitumen.
These materials are not capable of withstanding heavy loads.
Mastic asphalt:
It is a semi-rigid material obtained by the heating of asphalt with sand and mineral fillers.
It is generally impervious and should be laid carefully.
Bricks:
The bricks with water absorption less than 5 per cent are used for damp proofing.
These bricks are laid in two to five courses in cement mortar.
Stones:
Stones such as granite, trap, slates etc., are also used for damp proofing.
These stones are laid to full width of the wall.
Mortar:
The 1:3 cement mortar with ample amount of lime and water proofing agents are used for damp proofing.
These are generally laid to suitable thickness in foundations, ground slabs, top of parapet walls etc.
Sometimes, used in plastering external walls.
Concrete:
The cement concrete of thickness 75 mm to 100 mm with ratio of 1:1 ½ : 3 or 1:2:4 is provided before constructing walls.
Metal Sheets:
Metal sheets such as copper, aluminium or lead sheets are provided to seal the construction joints.
A bituminous seal must be provided for this type of proofing.
Plastic sheets:
Plastic sheets are also a good damp proofing material.
Plastic sheets of 1 mm thickness which is made of black polythene are placed over the surface to be damp proofed.
These are common material of damp proofing used in buildings.
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